Railway car



Oct. 27, 1936.

I K. F. NYSTROM RAILWAY CAR Filed April 10, 1934 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 Oct. 27, 1936. K. F. NYsTRbM RAILWAY CAR Filed April' 10, 1934 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 oryys.

wwmw Mm Patented Oct. 27, 1936 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE .Karl F. Nystrom, Milwaukee, Wis.

Application April 10, 1934, Serial No. 719,867

9 Claims. This invention relates to the construction of ,fpassenger vehicles, and, more particularly, to the construction of railway. cars.

One of the objects of'the invention is the pro- .vision ofa new and improved railway car which is light in weight and the walls of which are provided with novelinsulation and sound deadening instrumentalities.

.- Another object of the invention is the provision of new andimproved means whereby the ,finish and fittings of the interior side walls of railway cars may be manufactured and applied at, a minimum of time and expense.

turers may apply the same without change and.

without the use of special tools or additional fastening means; in this way, the entire finish and fittingsof a car may be readily changed at a minimum of time and labor, as occasion or necessity may require.

Other and further objects and advantages of the invention will appear from the following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which: Fig. 1 is a longitudinal, vertical section of a railway car embodying the invention, with parts 'broken away, the ceiling insulation being shown out of proportion for the sake of clearness;

Fig. 2 is a transverse section on the line 2-2 of Fig. l, with parts broken away; Fig. 3 is a section on the line 3-3 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a section onthe line 4-4 ofFig. 1,

with parts broken away and parts removed for the sake of clearness;

i Fig. 5 is a section on the line 5-5 of Figs. 1 and 4;

- Fig. 6 is a section on the line s e of Fig. 1; o.

Fig. '7 is a transverse section on the line |--'l oi ;Fig. 1 showing the outer wall or skin of sheet ,metalentirely surrounding the car, with parts removed for the sake of clearness.

Fig. 8-is a section on the line 8-8 of Fig. 5.

The conventional-passenger cars are practiate.

' character 5 designates a-railway car body having cally of metal throughout. As a result, the cars are heavy and costly to manufacture and oper- The present invention seeks to materially reduce the weight of these cars by the use 'of sheet metal exterior and composition interior 5 finish or trim.

It is the common. practice in applying the interior finish and fittings of railway cars and the thereon. This arrangement is expensive due to the large amount of work required to permanently secure the same in position which is usually done by the aid of screws, rivets, bolts and the like, all of which consumes a large amount of time in assembly work, and when applied the 15 finish and fittings are extremely difiicult to remove.

In order to overcome these difiiculties, the finish, according to the present invention, is cut to size and detachable interlocking fastening means are employed to hold the finish in position on the car frame and the wall fittings are likewise provided with detachable attaching means whereby they may be attached and detached at will.

The finish panels are preferably of composi- '25 tionmaterial and are light in weight, so that the total weight of the finished car is materially reduced.

Referring now to the drawings, the reference the usual passenger. compartment 2 in which are the double seats 3 adapted to swing about a pedestal 4. These seats are located opposite the [space between the windows whereby warm air with which the car is heated in cool weather may be discharged beneath the seats and the passenger may control the raising of the windows without inconveniencing passengers who may be seated behind him, since any draft will strike him rather than such other passengers. 40

Furthermore, the seats may be turned to position to have access to the side walls of the car for removing or replacing panels on said wall as will presently appear. The car is also proyidedwith a rest room or lavatory l3, a portion of which is shown in Fig. 1, and a toilet and vestibule, not shown.

, The partition between the lavatory and the passenger compartment isshown at 3|] and the passage or corridor leading from the passenger compartment to the vestibule is shown at 40. Since ,the arrangement of the vestibule and toilet in the car is conventional, it was not thought necessary to illustrate or describe the same. i

Thebody is provided with side walls 6, the

-position material 3| suitable for this purpose.

before they are applied. As, for instance, if the extending longitudinally of the car.

, between the windows.

plates and carlines. -tional-strains of the body.

Extending upwardly from the side sills at each side of the car are the side posts I! and I8 (see Figs. 1, 5, and 6). They are curved inwardly adjacent their lower ends at opposite sides of the windows and are attached to the side sills I I. At their upper ends they are attached to the top plate 19 extending longitudinally of the car. The carlines 2| extend upwardly from the plates "lfl'and are arched over the car from one side plate to the other for supporting the roof 8, as is usual in such constructions; Attached to the carlines 2| and extending across'from side to side of the car are the furring supports or bars 22 (see Figs. land 2) for supporting the ceiling 23 which is rigidily attached thereto. These bars are spaced from the roof and are supported by brackets [3 In the space above these bars is adapted to be secured the main air duct 24 of the air conditioning system with which the car may be equipped. This duct is supported by brackets 1 from the ceiling supports 22. Branch conduits or ducts 25 extending downward between the inner and outer walls at each side of the car between the side posts I! and I8 between the windows supply conditioned air to the car.

During the winter season, warm air is delivered through the discharge openings 26 beneath the seats 3 which are located opposite the space In warm weather, cool air is delivered through the upper discharge openings 28 above the seats. I

The sides of the car are provided with inner and outer walls spaced apart for enclosing the side posts. The outer wall 29 is of sheet metal and extendscontinuously over the sides and roof of the car. Preferably, though not necessarily,

this-sheet extends entirely around the car forming what may be termed a skinfor enveloping the car, as shown more clearly in Fig. 7. The parts are welded together to form a continuous band.

The skin or outer wall may be spot welded, or otherwise rigidly connected to the side posts, top

This skin will resist tor- In order to prevent undue vibration and to deaden the sound, this outer wall may be and preferably is coated on its inner side with a com- This car wall :may also be painted on its inner side with aluminum paint or it may be lined with a bright metal foil or thin'aluminum plate to re- .flect the heat and prevent its being conducted through the car wall in either direction.

The inner wall or trim of the car is composed of aplurality of preformed panels which are detachably secured -in position. These panels are molded to-shape and finished in completed form trimisto be embossed, painted or embellished in any manner, this is done before the panels are connected to th'eirsupports and when assembled the car walls are complete. This is considered an important feature of the invention because it permits the use of composition material in forming the panels of any desired shape, thereby reducing the weight of the car very materially.

This material may be molded to the desired form or shape during its manufacture, or it may be given the desired shapeafter manufacturing. In any event, it is preformed before being applied and may be covered with cloth or other suitable material of a selected pattern and'color scheme. Bythis means, the interior finish of the car may be standardized so that the minimum number of parts are required.

In the construction shown, only three different shapes or forms of panels are required for the "intermediate portion of the sides of the car. This standardizing of the finish obviates the necessity for the services of experts in applying the finish trim'to the car, and, furthermore, the panels may .be applied with the minimum of time and labor.

In the space above each window, a header or window trim panel 32 of composition material is applied. This panel has its lower edge conform ing to the shape of the Window frame or trim 33. The side edges of the panel are adjacent to the side posts 11 and I8 and the panel is held in spaced relation from the outer wall by spacers 35 (see Fig. 6) which are held in position against the outer wan by angles 33 welded to the posts I! and 18., The upper edge of the panel is concealed by a trim rail 42 extending longitudinally of the carbetween the. pilasters. at the sides of the windows, and its lower edgemay abut the window frame or trim 33 or be concealed thereby, as

shown in-Fig."2.

panel, and two resilient fingers 39 and M extending outwardly from the head'portion which are adapted to be inserted through an opening through theadjacent flange of the angle 36. The fingers divergefrom the head and then converge toward their outer ends to provide aswelled or enlarged portion which, when the arms are inserted through the opening, expand and engage the outer side of the flange forretaining the parts in position. A suitablenumber of these clips are employed for retaining each panel in position.

In applying the panel, it is only necessary to cause the arms of the clip to enter the corresponding opening-and thenpush the clipshome. .The

panel is removed by the reverse processby pulling outwardly on the panel.

In the space beneath the windows, a wainscot-' ing panel 44 is applied by spring clips in the same manner to the inner flange of the side posts as the window panel-32 (see Fig. 7)..

Extending above the floor of the car along the,

car sides is a mop board 45 of sheet metal or other light sheet material. Thissheet extends from beneath the floor to a short distance above the floorand is straight longitudinally of the car and extends over the frame posts I! and I8, as

shown more clearly in Fig. 5. This board may be, and preferably is, welded to the inner flanges of the posts I! and l8,'as at 4B and 41. The upper edge of the mopboard 45 is offset outwardly beneath the windows (see Fig.--3) forming a' 1edge 2,058,492 -or shoulder 48 against which the lower edge of the panel abuts.

A pilaster panel 49 is applied over the side posts ll and. I8 between the windows (see Fig. 6). The panel adjacent its side edges is preformed into enlarged portions 5| for decorative purposes. The

side-edges are bent to extend outwardly and engage the posts ll and I8 and abut against the panels above and below the window for assisting in holding those panels in position.

' The pilaster panels may be secured in position by clips 31, the heads of which are secured to the outer side of the panels, or are concealed within said panels. These clips engage in openingsin the'inner flanges of the side posts I! and [8 (see Fig. 6) in the manner described above.

Each of the panels 49 is provided with an upper opening 28 through which cool air from the duct 25 is discharged, and a lower opening 26 opposite a corresponding opening in the duct is provided below the panel for the escape of warm air for heating the car (see Figs. 1 and 4).

A removablerack cove panel 52 is provided for forming a finish beneath the baggage rack 53 58 which constitutes the back of the rack 53 when the same is in position on the Wall.

' The trim on the ends of the car are removably attached by clips 31 in the manner described above. The end panel 90 on the partition wall 9| may be embossed to represent one or more panels, as shown at 92, or any other desirable figure may be embossed on this or any or all of the panels.

The partition wall 9| between the passenger compartment 2 and the lavatory or rest room l3 (seeFig. 1) has a heat radiator 94 concealed within the same and the wall has an upper dischargeopening 95 and a lower intake opening 96 whereby when the car is not in use it may be kept abov'eljfreezing in cold weather by air in its natural circulation across this heater. The panel '90' is positioned between these openings as indicated in Fig. 7.

Any or all of the trim panels may be and preferably are covered with fabric, as shown at 99 ,(see Fig. 6) of the desired pattern and color scheme or the panels may be painted or otherwise treated to obtain the desired color and design.

It may be desirable to remove the entire trim on the walls of the car for the purpose of cleaning, redecorating or for changing the design. In order that this may be readily accomplished, the fittings for the interior of the car, such as the baggage racks 53 and the electric light fixtures 59 (see Fig. 2) and the window trim 33 are removable. As shown, the baggage rack comprises the basket portion BI and the supporting brackets 62 which are provided with means such as the hooks or enlarged portions 63, 64, and 65 on the brackets for engaging in slots in the side posts I! and I8 for detachably holding the brackets in position on the side walls of the car.

When it is desired to remove the baggage racks, the same are elevated to disengage the hooks from the lower edges of the slots and then the rack is moved outwardly to detach thehooks from the slots.

' The lamps are mounted in the 'baggage'rack cove and the lamp fittings are shaped to conform to the panel 52. Each fitting is provided with a supporting'a'rm 66 having spring jaws or fingers 6-! which are adapted to engage a bar 68 sup ported by brackets 69 which in turn are secured -to the side wallof the car. The supporting arm 66 extends through the panel 52 when the lamp is in position in the car. l

Whenitis desired to remove the lamp fixtures, itis only necessary to force the same outward to disengage the spring fingers 61 from the supporting rod 68. l

i It will thus be seen that when it is desired to remove the trim from the inner sides of the car, the lamps and racks are first removed and the seats are rotated through as indicated by the dotted line position for one of the seats in Fig. 1 to give access to the walls, after which the panels are removed by forcing the same inwardly for' detaching the clips from their coperating I openings. i

The panels may be replacedor other panels of different designs, style orfinish may be substituted, as occasion may require. For instance, panels of one color or design may be employed in the summer and a difierent color or design during the winter, since the changes may be effected with little time and expense.

As the inner and outer walls of the car body are thin and light, it is desirable that suitable insulation be provided between these walls to prevent transference of heat through the walls of the car. Any suitable form of insulation may be emplurality of thin sheets or panels spaced apart and inserted between the inner and outer walls of the car and extending about the entire body between the frame members are employed for this purpose. These thin panels are adapted to prevent convection of air between the inner and outer walls of the car, thereby preventing the transference of heat through said walls. Any suitable means may be provided for supporting these panels.

Fig. 4 shows a section through the mopboard. The insulating panels H, of which there are three in the form shown, are held in position by spacer ployed. In the form of construction disclosed, a

Fig. 5 shows a section ,1 through the wall through one of the pilasters, and

blocks 1'2 and .13 secured within the channel of the side posts I! and I8. These blocks may be of any suitable material, as wood or composition. They are provided with kerfs in which are secured plates 14 having openings in their outside ends for receiving the clips 31 which are applied H in the manner described above for securing the finished panels to the interior of the car.

Only two insulating panels H are employed in the pilaster above the lower opening 26 because of the presence of the branch conduit 25. The panels H are arranged outwardly of the conduit 25. The roof is also provided with .a plurality of insulating panels 15 which are also arranged in spaced relation between the carlines, as in the construction just described.

The space between the floor 9 and the outer wall 29 is also provided with a plurality of thin light insulating panels 16 which are also held in operative position by spacer blocks, as described above. The space 11 immediately above the windows is not provided with insulating panels for the reasonithat this space is occupied by ,a

spring roller 18.0n which is wound theF cable 19 attached to the sash of the window It! for counter balancing the weight of same. The window shade roller 81 ,is'also mounted inthis space.j In cars which are constructed without movable windows,

this space may also be provided with insulating panelssupported by frame or spacer blocks, as

described above. These spacer blocks may be rigidly mounted in place with the panels detachable, asdescribed above, or they may constitute frames in which the panels are permanently engaged, as

.indicatedat82 in Fig. 2 of the drawings.v

:These insulating panels are preformed and may,

.thatthe roof sidewalls and fioor are all insulated my a;: plurality .of :panels forming a plurality of dead air 1 spaces which prevent transference of "heat through either the roof, sides-or floor of the car.

Iclaim'as-my.invention:'

In. a railway'car'having a plurality of .up-

.standing side posts having side flanges provided withopenings therein, windows secured in the sides'of said car, a frame extending about said windows, attachingqplates on said frames, detachable panels and pilaster plates constituting the side: walls ofgsaid car, clips for engaging said pan- ;els; and the openings within said side flanges for .removably holdi ngsaid panels in position, baggage racks .and lamp supports detachably connected to said side posts whereby said panels, racks. and lampsupports may be readily attached and detached lfrom the side wall of said car.

. .2, In a carhaving a frame and an outer sidewall, an inner wall detachably connected to said frame, fittings for the interior of said car comprising a :zbaggage'rack detachably connected to said frame, a detachable'preformedpanel beneath said rack for forming a-rack alcove and a lamp fitting detachably mounted within said alcove, said fittings and panels beingreadilyremovable from the sidesofsaidcar. H

'3. A railway .car comprising inner and outer walls, said inner walls comprising preformed 'pa'n'els'of' thin sheet composition material, supfport's for said walls, .a baggage rack, means for detachably connecting the same tosaid supports, preformed panels of thin: sheet composition material detachably secured in the baggage rack cove and preformed panels of thin'sheets of'c'omposition material detachably secured in the ceilji-ng'coves of said car. I

4. In a railway car having'andnner wall comprising header; wainscoting and pilaster panels, said pilaster-panels being preformed to form col- "umns, and olips for detachably connecting said panels in position within said car, said panels being preformed and provided with attaching clipswhereby the same conforms to the shape of the-interior of said-carand maybe readily'at- 'tached and detached.

5. A passengercar comprising root-floor, side and end walls, side posts betweensaidroof and floor along the sides of said car, windows between said posts along each side of saidcar frames for said windows-betweensaid posts along each side of said car, frames for said windows, plates. rigidly secured to said side posts andprovided with openings, wainscoting. panels provided with re- .silient'clips for detachablyengaging said open ings for detachably securing said panels to said strips beneath said windows, said panels having their edges curved outwardly and engaging alongside the edges of said frame, header panels having resilient clips extending outwardlytherefrom for detachably engaging openings in said plates above said windows for holding said header panels above said windows and pilaster plates having spring clips thereon for! engaging said openings for holding said pilasterplates in position between, said windows, the edges of said-pilaster plates offset inwardly and being 1 curved outwardly and engaging the aligned edges of said panels and frame. w

6. In a railway car having a ceiling and-side walls, a plurality of windows in'the sidewalls, a flanged side post at each side of each. window, openings through the flanges of said posts,

curved upturned bars connecting the posts be tween the windows, a preformd trim window pan.-

el having out-turned edges above each window,

a preformed wainscoting finish panel having out turned edges below each, a pilaster finish panel extending from the'ceiling to' the'fioor between the windows'and having outturned edges engaging the out-turned edges of said window and wainscoting finish panels, and clips carried by said panels for detachably engaging the, openings and apertures within saidv flanges and strips. 7

'7. In a railway car having a frame including flanged side posts, an outer wall secured to said side posts,"windows between said posts, preformed panels of composition material below said windows between said posts, a preformed pilaster panel of composition material extending over the detachably connecting the panels to' the interior of the car by resilient clips'andthen detachably connecting the lamp supports and baggage racks over the window and'pilaster panels.

9. A method of finishing the interior of railway cars which comprises constructing the finish wallsof separate panels of composition 'material, preforming said panels, embossing and covering said walls on one side with a fabric including clips, means for detachably connecting said panels to the interior'of the car and baggage racks detachably connected to the sidewalls "of said car above said panels.

KARL F. Nvs'rRoM; 

